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The memory of 13 November is a scientific challenge

Beyond the collective trauma and duty to remember, the attacks of 13 November 2015 were also the starting point for a vast research project at the intersection of several disciplines on the impact of such an event on the French population.

A page from the condolence registers opened in the aftermath of the 13 November 2015 attacks
A page from the condolence registers opened in the aftermath of the 13 November 2015 attacks

© Cyril Frésillon / CRH / CNRS Images

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It was on a Friday evening, outside the Stade de France, on the bar terraces in the 10th and 11th districts in Paris and at the Bataclan that 130 people were killed in the deadliest terrorist attacks that France has ever known. While the entire country, which was plunged into a state of shock, started a long process of mourning, scientists embarked on a vast research project: to analyse the impact of this unprecedented drama on French society in near real time.

And what better way to do this than with a transdisciplinary programme crossing approaches and knowledge? This is the goal of the 13-11 programme, founded just a few days after the attacks by the historian, Denis Peschanski, and the neuropsychologist Francis Eustache. It aims to understand how the memory of such an event is constructed and evolves both individually and collectively. In total, 1,000 people will be interviewed by researchers over ten years about their memories, trauma and experiences of the event. The aim is to write a history of the present, as well as explore the concept of post-traumatic stress that primarily interests neurologists and psychologists.

The scientists are also studying documents rarely used by historians: books of condolence opened the day after the attacks at the town hall in the 10th district, where more than 1,300 messages were recorded in three months. These messages, like the interviews, reveal emotions, memories, and often nightmares…

How can they be turned into objective data that can be processed by researchers? This is the challenge of this colossal undertaking that we invite you to discover in videos and photos.

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How to assess the impact of the attacks from 13 November 2015 on French society? To answer this question, the historian Hélène Frouard looked at a rarely studied document, the book of condolences. Her analysis covered the four books held at the town hall of the 11th arrondissement of Paris from November 2015 to March 2016. Under what conditions were these books opened? Who used them and how? What does a textual analysis of their content reveal? This research was conducted as part of the …

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Data Recall: Terrorist Attacks and Memory
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Thanks to the testimonies of 1,000 people, the major research programme "13-November" studies how the memory of the November 2015 attacks is constructed. Information is gathered from emotions, intense memories and nightmares. How can these testimonies be transformed into data that can, then, be analysed by the scientific community?

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From emotion to data
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Books of condolence opened by the local administration of the 11th arrondissement in Paris, the day after the terrorist attacks of 13 November 2015. The first register was a simple spiral-bound notebook, put in place urgently on the morning of 14 November. In three months, upwards of 1,300 messages were left in 4 different registers. More than 90% of these were written in the first fortnight. Historian Hélène Frouard carried out an enquiry concerning these registers based on interviews with the…

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Books of condolence opened the day after the terrorist attacks of 13 November 2015

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