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Women: guardians of the mountains

This year, International Mountain Day is dedicated to women, whose role is vitally important in mountain societies and their environment.

Scientist near a stream in the Vatnsdalur valley in the fjords of eastern Iceland
Scientist near a stream in the Vatnsdalur valley in the fjords of eastern Iceland

© Armelle Decaulne / LETG / LPG / CNRS Photothèque

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Often considered a harsh environment, which we like to imagine as an area mainly reserved for winter sports and transhumance, mountains are in fact mainly a home: for 15% of the world’s population, a good half of whom are women. International Mountain Day, scheduled for 11 December, is dedicated to women in 2022. The women who figuratively move mountains to conserve their biodiversity and resources, and often ensure their economic and social development. Unfortunately, their living standards are worsening due to climate change, while their decision-making capacity is still limited within highly patriarchal societies. The aim of this day is to make us aware of the need for a better distribution of resources and to promote gender equality everywhere, including at high altitude.

You can discover some aspects of the life of mountain communities, through a selection of photo and video reports on scientific teams, geographers, climatologists, glaciologists and seismologists who have scaled mountains to study water resource management in the Nepalese Himalayas, or the impact of climate change on Alpine glaciers or the permafrost in Iceland…

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Protected by the topography, mountain valleys have always been diverse places for plants, animals, and even languages. In the foothills of the Himalayas lies the Yongning Plain, known locally as the "Central Plain": home of the Na culture. Alexis Michaud, a linguist at the CNRS, has been studying the Na language for over 10 years. Year after year, he has been welcomed by numerous family members of Tashi, an anthropologist and linguist specialising in the Na culture. …

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Listening to the Yongning Na
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Jacques Malavieille, a geologist at the Geosciences Laboratory in Montpellier, explains the processes that lead to the formation of mountains. The Alps or the Himalayas have not always existed. How did these mountain ranges appear? How did they rise up? On Mars, some mountains exceed 20 kilometers in height while on Earth the mountain ranges do not extend beyond 9000 meters in altitude. Why is that so? This film is part of a series of 22 films entitled "Planet Earth Below the…

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How mountains were born
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The geologist Jacques Malavieille of the Geosciences Laboratory in Montpellier describes the processes that lead to the total disappearance of mountain ranges. A little over 300 million years ago, in the heart of what was to become France, stood an impressive mountain range with reliefs similar to those of the Himalayas. This has now completely disappeared. Scientists know dozens of ancient mountains that have been wiped out. This film is part of a series of 22 films entitled "Planet…

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How do mountains disappear?

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